Practice Test Unit 1 Chemistry

Matching

Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.	absolute zero	e.	mass	
b.	Kelvin temperature scale	f.	significant figure	
c.	Celsius temperature scale	g.	precision	
d.	weight	h.	accuracy	

____	1.	known or estimated in a measurement

____	2.	closeness to true value

____	3.	narrowness of range of measurements

____	4.	the quantity of matter an object contains

____	5.	the lowest point on the Kelvin scale

____	6.	the SI scale for temperature

____	7.	the force of gravity on an object

____	8.	the non-SI scale for temperature

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____	9.	One characteristic of a scientific theory is that ____.
a.	it can never be proved	c.	it cannot be modified	
b.	it can be proved	d.	it summarizes a set of observations	

____	10.	Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a.	color and odor	c.	malleability and hardness	
b.	melting and boiling points	d.	all of the above	

____	11.	Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called ____.
a.	filtration	c.	solution	
b.	condensation	d.	distillation	

____	12.	The chemical symbol for iron is ____.
a.	fe	c.	Fe	
b.	FE	d.	Ir	

____	13.	The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____.
a.	identity of the elements in the compound	
b.	how elements are joined in the compound	
c.	the composition of the compound	
d.	relative proportions of the elements in the compound	

____	14.	What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
a.	There must be a change in chemical properties.	
b.	There must be a change in physical properties.	
c.	The change must involve a change in mass.	
d.	The change must involve a change in volume.	

____	15.	Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties?
a.	rusting	c.	boiling	
b.	fermenting	d.	burning	

____	16.	Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4C?
a.	its color	
b.	its state	
c.	its temperature	
d.	its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen	

____	17.	Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
a.	fracture formation	c.	precipitate formation	
b.	gas production	d.	energy transfer	

____	18.	The expression of 5008 km in scientific notation is ____.
a.	5.008  10 km	c.	5.008  10 km	
b.	50.08 10 km	d.	5.008  10 km	

____	19.	When multiplying and dividing measured quantities, the number of significant figures in the result should be equal to the number of significant figures in ____.
a.	all of the measurements	
b.	the least and most precise measurements	
c.	the most precise measurement	
d.	the least precise measurement	

____	20.	The chief advantage of the metric system over other systems of measurement is that it ____.
a.	has more units	c.	is in French	
b.	is in multiples of 10	d.	is derived from nature itself	

____	21.	Which of the following units is NOT an official SI unit?
a.	kilogram	c.	mole	
b.	ampere	d.	liter	

____	22.	What is the boiling point of water in kelvins?
a.	0 K	c.	273 K	
b.	100 K	d.	373 K	

Commonly Used Metric Prefixes	
Prefix	Meaning	Factor	
mega (M)	1 million times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
kilo (k)	1000 times larger than the unit it precedes	10	
deci (d)	10 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
centi (c)	100 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
milli (m)	1000 times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
micro ()	1 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
nano (n)	1000 million times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	
pico (p)	1 trillion times smaller than the unit it precedes	10	

____	23.	What is the quantity 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? Use the table above to help you.
a.	0.075 cm	c.	7.5 cm	
b.	0.75 cm	d.	70.5 cm	

____	24.	Which of the following equalities is NOT correct? Use the table above to help you.
a.	100 cg = 1 g	c.	1 cm = 1 mL	
b.	1000 mm = 1 m	d.	10 kg = 1 g	

____	25.	Density is found by dividing ____.
a.	mass by volume	c.	mass by area	
b.	volume by mass	d.	area by mass	

____	26.	If the temperature of a piece of steel decreases, what happens to its density?
a.	The density decreases.	
b.	The density increases.	
c.	The density does not change.	
d.	The density first increases, then decreases.	

Short Answer

	27.	Round off the measurement 0.003 095 5 m to three significant figures.

	28.	What is the sum of 6.210 L and 3 L expressed in the correct number of significant digits?

	29.	Perform the following operation: 3.43 cm  5.2 cm. Make sure that your answer has the correct number of significant figures.

Numeric Response

	30.	How many steps are involved in solving numeric problems?

	31.	What is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius?

	32.	What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?

Essay

	33.	How did Lavoisier transform the field of chemistry in the late 1700s?

	34.	Explain how a hypothesis, a theory, and a scientific law are related to observations.

	35.	Why do the densities of most substances decrease with temperature?

Practice Test Unit 1 Chemistry
Answer Section

MATCHING

	1.	ANS:	F	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 66
OBJ:	3.1.3  Identify the number of significant figures in a measurement and in a calculated answer.

	2.	ANS:	H	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 64
OBJ:	3.1.2  Distinguish among the accuracy, precision, and error of a measurement.

	3.	ANS:	G	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 64
OBJ:	3.1.2  Distinguish among the accuracy, precision, and error of a measurement.

	4.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 76
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	

	5.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 77
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	
STA:	Ch.4.f

	6.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 77
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	
STA:	Ch.4.d

	7.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 76
OBJ:	3.2.2  Distinguish between the mass and weight of an object.	

	8.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 76
OBJ:	3.2.2  Distinguish between the mass and weight of an object.	
STA:	Ch.4.d

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	9.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 23
OBJ:	1.3.2  Identify three steps in the scientific method.

	10.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 40
OBJ:	2.1.2  Define physical property and list several common physical properties of substances.

	11.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 46
OBJ:	2.2.3  Describe two ways that components of mixtures can be separated.

	12.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 51
OBJ:	2.3.3  Identify the chemical symbols of common elements, and name common elements, given their symbols.

	13.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 52
OBJ:	2.3.3  Identify the chemical symbols of common elements, and name common elements, given their symbols.

	14.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 53
OBJ:	2.4.1  Describe what happens during a chemical change.

	15.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 53
OBJ:	2.4.1  Describe what happens during a chemical change.

	16.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 53
OBJ:	2.4.1  Describe what happens during a chemical change.

	17.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 54
OBJ:	2.1.4  Describe a physical change. | 2.4.2  Identify four possible clues that a chemical change has taken place.

	18.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 63
OBJ:	3.1.1  Convert measurements to scientific notation.

	19.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 68 | p. 71
OBJ:	3.1.3  Identify the number of significant figures in a measurement and in a calculated answer.

	20.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 73
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	

	21.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 73
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	

	22.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 77
OBJ:	3.2.1  List SI units of measurement and common SI prefixes.	
STA:	Ch.4.e

	23.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 84
OBJ:	3.3.2  Apply the techniques of dimensional analysis to a variety of conversion problems.

	24.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 84
OBJ:	3.3.2  Apply the techniques of dimensional analysis to a variety of conversion problems.

	25.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 90 | p. 91
OBJ:	3.4.1  Calculate the density of a material from experimental data.	

	26.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 91
OBJ:	3.4.2  Describe how density varies with temperature.

SHORT ANSWER

	27.	ANS:	
0.003 10 m

PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 68	
OBJ:	3.1.3  Identify the number of significant figures in a measurement and in a calculated answer.

	28.	ANS:	
9 L

PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 63 | p. 70	
OBJ:	3.1.3  Identify the number of significant figures in a measurement and in a calculated answer.

	29.	ANS:	
3.43 cm  5.2 cm = 18 cm

PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 68 | p. 71	
OBJ:	3.1.3  Identify the number of significant figures in a measurement and in a calculated answer.

NUMERIC RESPONSE

	30.	ANS:	3

PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 29	
OBJ:	1.4.2  Describe three steps for solving numeric problems

	31.	ANS:	0

PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 40	
OBJ:	2.1.2  Define physical property and list several common physical properties of substances.

	32.	ANS:	100

PTS:	1	DIF:	L1	REF:	p. 40	OBJ:	2.1.4  Describe a physical change.

ESSAY

	33.	ANS:	
Lavoisier helped transform chemistry from a science of observation to a science of measurement. Toward this end, he developed a balance that could measure small differences in mass. He was part of a general movement toward basing conclusions on experimental evidence.

PTS:	1	DIF:	L2	REF:	p. 21	
OBJ:	1.3.1  Describe how Lavoisier transformed chemistry.

	34.	ANS:	
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for one or more observations. If a hypothesis addresses a broad range of observations, and if it has been tested by repeated experiments, it may be raised to the level of a theory. The same set of observations can lead to both a scientific law and a theory. A scientific law is a concise summary of the observations. A theory provides the explanation.

PTS:	1	DIF:	L3	REF:	p. 22 | p. 23	
OBJ:	1.3.2  Identify three steps in the scientific method.

	35.	ANS:	
The student should infer that this is because a substance's atoms or molecules tend to move farther apart with an increase in temperature. Consequently, the volume of the substance increases. There is no change in the mass of the substance, however, and therefore the density (mass/volume) decreases.

PTS:	1	DIF:	L3	REF:	p. 91	
OBJ:	3.4.2  Describe how density varies with temperature.